Skip to main content

HUMERUS (ARM) X-RAY

The basic projections are AP and Lateral


➢ Antero posterior (A.P):- The patient laid in a supine position and rotate a little bit to the affected side so that the humerus can rest on cassette , with the elbow adjusted in a true A.P position.


Centering point: - Center to the middle of the cassette or to the mid shaft of the bone.

➢ Lateral: - from the antero posterior position, the elbow is flexed with the arm abducted and then medially rotated to bring the medial aspects of the arm, elbow, and forearm in contact with the cassette.


Centering point: - Center to the middle of the cassette or to the mid shaft of the bone.





Essential image characteristics.

The image should demonstrate the bone clearly and part of the elbow and shoulder joint and soft tissue outline.


References:

MIT. Abdussalam A. Madaki and Cowen A.R (2019) Tutorial on the image quality characteristics of radiographic screen film combinations and their measurement, (medical Devices Directorate Evaluation report), MDD/94/34,ALTH.

 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

HAND X-RAY

The basic projections are P.A and Lateral , ➢ Postero anterior (Dorsi-palmar P.A):- The patient is seated along side the table, the forearm is placed pronated on the table with the palmar surface of the hand in contact with the cassette. With the fingers slightly separated and extended to ensure that they remain in contact to the cassette. Centering point: - Center to the head of the third metacarpopalangeal joint. ➢ Dorsi-palmar oblique: - From the PA position the patient will now rotate his/her hand approximately 45° degrees, ➢ Another modified 15° degrees, Centering point: - Center to the 4th metacarpal bone. Essential image characteristics, The image should demonstrate the bones clearly and soft tissue outline no rotation or motion. References: MIT. Abdussalam A. Madaki and Cowen A.R (2019) Tutorial on the image quality characteristics of radiographic screen film combinations and their measurement, (medical Devices Directorate Evaluation report), MDD/94/34,ALTH.  
Post a Comment
Read more

The Skull Anatomy

Learning Objectives For The Skull •  List and identify the bones of the brain case and face • Locate the major suture lines of the skull and name the bones associated with each. • Define sinuses and identify the location of each • Identify the bones and structures that form the nasal septum and nasal conchae, and locate of the hyoid bone •  Identifythe bony openings of the skull Anterior View of the Skull  Lateral View of Skull Bones of the Brain Case Parietal Bone Temporal Bone Frontal Bone Occipital Bone Sphenoid Bone Ethmoid Bone Sutures of the Skull Facial Bones of the Skull Maxillary Bone Palatine Bone Zygomatic Bone Nasal Bone Lacrimal Bone Inferior Nasal Conchae Vomer Bone Mandible Paranasal Sinuses Hyoid Bone The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclo...
Post a Comment
Read more

X-ray Generators

The X-ray Generators delivers the electrical power to energize the x-ray tube and permit the section of x-ray energy, X-ray quality, and exposure time and dissipation rates specific to a generator and x-ray tube target housing. An x-ray generator is a device that helps to produce x-ray, together with an  x-ray detector, it is commonly used in a variety of applications including Medicine, x-ray, electronic assembly inspection, and measurement of material thickness in a manufacturing operators. Types Of X-ray Generators   • Single Phase Generators  • Three Phase Generators  • High-frequency Generators  • Constant Voltage Generators  - Single Phase Generators : - (also known as single alternator) is an alternating current electric generator that produce a single, continuously alternating voltage. - Three Phase Generators : - work by producing three separate waves of AC power that operate in a sequence ensuring that there is always a continuous flow of ene...
Post a Comment
Read more